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ব্যাংক জব প্রিপারেশনঃ দূর করুন positive, comparative, superlative degree এর সকল ভয়

09 Dec 2020

Adjective শব্দ বা Adverb শব্দের মাঝে তুলনা করাকে Comparison of Degree বলা হয়ে থাকে.

*Degrees of Comparison are applicable only to Adjectives and Adverbs*

*Nouns and verbs do not have degrees of comparisons*

Degrees of Comparison are used when we compare one person or one thing with another.

মোট ৩ প্রকার degrees রয়েছেঃ

#Positive Degree- (no comparison -কোন তুলনা হবেনা)

#Comparative Degree- (comparison between two persons or objects-দুইজনের বা দুটি বিষয়ের মধ্যে তুলনা হবে)

#Superlative Degree- (comparison among several persons or objects-অনেক ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর মধ্যে তুলনা হবে)

Let us see all of them one by one.

1.Positive degree:

When we speak about only one person or thing, We use the Positive degree.

Examples:

This house is big.

In this sentence only one noun “The house” is talked about.

He is a tall student.

This flower is beautiful.

He is an intelligent boy.

Each sentence mentioned above talks about only one noun.

The second one in the Degrees of Comparison is...

2.Comparative degree.

When we compare two persons or two things with each other, We use both the Positive degree and Comparative degree.

Examples:

a.This house is bigger than that one. (Comparative degree)

This house is not as big as that one. (Positive degree)

The term “bigger” is comparative version of the term “big”.

Both these sentences convey the same meaning.

b.This flower is more beautiful than that. (Comparative)

  This flower is not as beautiful as that. (Positive)

The term “more beautiful” is comparative version of the term “beautiful”.

Both these sentences convey the same meaning.

c. He is more intelligent than this boy. (Comparative)

   He is not as intelligent as this boy. (Positive)

The term “more intelligent” is comparative version of the term “intelligent”.

Both these sentences convey the same meaning.

d.He is taller than Mr. Hulas. (Comparative)

He is not as tall as Mr. Hulas. (Positive)

The term “taller” is comparative version of the term “tall”.

Both these sentences convey the same meaning.

3.Superlative Degree

The Superlative Degree denotes the existence of the highest degree of the quality. It is used when more than two things are compared.

This is the tallest building.

Apple is the sweetest fruit.

The Superlative Degree is used when more than two nouns or things are compared.

Johnsy is kind (Positive Degree)

Johnsy is kinder than Rosy (Comparative Degree)

Johnsy is the kindest of all (Superlative Degree)

When we compare more than two persons or things with one another,

Examples:

#This is the biggest house in this street. (Superlative)

This house is bigger than any other house in this street. (Comparative)

No other house in this street is as big as this one. (Positive)

The term “biggest” is the superlative version of the term “big”.

All the three sentences mean the same meaning.

 

#This flower is the most beautiful one in this garden. (Superlative)

This flower is more beautiful than any other flower in this garden. (Comparative)

No other flower in this garden is as beautiful as this one. (Comparative)

The term “most beautiful” is the superlative version of the term “beautiful”.

All the three sentences mean the same meaning.

#He is the most intelligent in this class. (Superlative)

He is more intelligent than other boys in the class. (Comparative)

No other boy is as intelligent as this boy. (Positive)

The term “most intelligent” is superlative version of the term “intelligent”.

Both these sentences convey the same meaning.

#He is the tallest student in this class. (Superlative)

He is taller than other students in this class. (Comparative)

No other student is as tall as this student. (Positive)

The term “tallest” is superlative version of the term “tall”.

Degree of comparison

By adding ‘er’ and ‘est’

POSITIVE

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

bright

brighter

brightest

black

blacker

blackest

bold

bolder

boldest

clever

cleverer

cleverest

cold

colder

coldest

fast

faster

fastest

great

greater

greatest

high

higher

highest

kind

kinder

kindest

long

longer

longest

small

smaller

smallest

strong

stronger

strongest

sweet

sweeter

sweetest

tall

taller

tallest

young

younger

youngest

 

 

 

By adding ‘r’ and ‘st’

POSITIVE

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

brave

braver

bravest

fine

finer

finest

large

larger

largest

nice

nicer

nicest

noble

nobler

noblest

pale

paler

palest

simple

simpler

simplest

wise

wiser

wisest

white

whiter

whitest

 

By deleting the final ‘y’ and adding ‘ier’ and ‘iest’

POSITIVE

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

costly

costlier

costliest

dry

drier

driest

easy

easier

easiest

happy

happier

happiest

heavy

heavier

heaviest

lazy

lasier

lasiest

mercy

mercier

merciest

wealthy

wealthier

wealthiest

 

By doubling the final consonats

POSITIVE

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

big

bigger

biggest

dim

dimmer

dimmest

fat

fatter

fattest

hot

hotter

hottest

thin

thinner

thinnest

 

By using more and most

POSITIVE

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

active

more active

most active

attractive

more attractive

most attractive

beautiful

more beautiful

most beautiful

brilliant

more brilliant

most brilliant

careful

more careful

most careful

courageous

more courageous

most courageous

cunning

more cunning

most cunning

difficult

more difficult

most difficult

famous

more famous

most famous

faithful

more faithful

most faithful

proper

more proper

most proper

popular

more popular

most popular

splendid

more splendid

most splendid

 

Irregular Comparisons

POSITIVE

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

bad

worse

worst

evil

worse

worst

good

better

best

ill

worse

worst

far

farther

farthest

well

better

best

late

later

latest

little

less

least

much

more

most

many

more

most

near

nearer

nearest

old

older

oldest

old

elder

eldest

 

For other double syllable words that do not end with -y, -er, -ow, -le, and for adjectives with more than two syllables we use more and most to form the comparatives and superlatives.

Positive

Comparative

Superlative

Difficult

More Difficult

Most Difficult

Careful

More Careful

Most Careful

Handsome

More Handsome

Most Handsome

Interesting

More Interesting

Most Interesting

 

Special Adjectives -

There a few adjectives that can use both ‘-er and -est’ and ‘more’ and ‘most’ to form their comparative and superlative forms. The distinction between these is that ‘-er and -est’ are used when we are comparing the noun to another noun and ‘more’ and ‘most’ is used when we are comparing characteristics within the noun.

Positive

Comparative

Superlative

Example

Clever

Cleverer/ More Clever

Cleverest/Most Clever

He is cleverer than her.

He is more clever than studious.

Quiet

Quieter/ More Quiet

Quietest/ Most Quiet

This is the most quietit gets here.

This is the quietest place.

Brave

Braver/ More Brave

Bravest/ Most Brave

She is braver than other girls.

She was more brave than afraid.

Sure

Surer/ More Sure

Surest/ Most Sure

He was surer of the result than others.

You’ll be more sure about the concept after you read the chapter.

Irregular Comparisons -

These adjectives do not make their comparative and superlative forms using the rules above. Their comparative and superlative forms are different words altogether.

Positive

Comparative

Superlative

Bad

Worse

Worst

Good

Better

Best

Far (place & time)

Further

Furthest

Far (place)

Farther

Farthest

Old (people)

Elder

Eldest

Little (amount)

Less

Least

Late (order)

Latter

Last

 

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